Vaccine research and development is a complex and long process, the research and development process usually lasts for 10-15 years, or even decades, but the current tense research and development of novel coronavirus vaccines still has important significance.
As of April 21, 2020, there are more than 2.4 million novel coronavirus confirmed cases and 160000 deaths in the world. Because about 80% of the patients with new coronavirus infection are mild or asymptomatic, it is very difficult to control its transmission without strong social isolation measures. Under the great pressure of epidemic prevention, many countries have introduced strong home quarantine and border control measures. As the most economical and effective means of infectious disease control, vaccine is the ultimate weapon for countries to defeat the epidemic.
The significance of vaccine research and development：
Vaccine research and development is a complex and long process, including development and exploration, preclinical research, clinical trials and application for marketing and other different stages. The research and development process usually lasts for 10-15 years, or even decades, but the current tense research and development of novel coronavirus vaccines still has important significance.
Short term significance: there are more and more signs that the spread of new coronavirus may span this year, or even become seasonal. In this case, vaccines are essential to control the next season.
Long term significance: if the new coronavirus continues to spread in the population, it is the ultimate means to defeat the new coronavirus to carry out extensive vaccination to achieve population immunity. In addition, the research and development of new coronal vaccine also provides technical reserves for the response of emerging diseases in the future.
The novel coronavirus vaccine is expected to be conditionally approved this autumn
According to the statistics of new drug development monitoring database (CPM), there are about 83 novel coronavirus vaccine research and development projects in the world, 6 of which have entered the clinical trial stage and 77 are in the pre clinical research stage.
As of April 13, five new coronal vaccines have entered the clinical trial stage in the world, including adenovirus vector vaccine, mRNA vaccine, inactivated vaccine, etc. among them, China is the fastest adenovirus vector vaccine project of kangxinuo (Military Academy), and the recruitment of phase I clinical trial subjects has started. The DNA vaccine project of Kangtai biological Co., Ltd. in cooperation with AI diweixin and lnovio also entered clinical phase I on April 7, and is currently in the recruitment stage of subjects. On April 11, the inactivated virus vaccine which is being studied by the Institute of Chinese medicine entered the clinical trial stage. The mRNA vaccine project of Fosun Pharmaceutical, Sinotech and Pfizer is also scheduled to enter clinical trials in late April. Hualan biology and the University of Hong Kong are expected to complete pre clinical research and apply for clinical trials by the end of April.
